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Volume 18, Issue 4 (2026)
Iran J War Public Health 2026, 18(4): 1001-1012 |
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History
Received: 2026/09/17 | Accepted: 2026/10/20 | Published: 2026/10/28
Received: 2026/09/17 | Accepted: 2026/10/20 | Published: 2026/10/28
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Davoudi Kiakalayeh A, Noori Roodsari N, Hassanniya Golsefid S, Nazari S. Twenty-Year Epidemiological Surveillance of Crimean–Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Northern Iran: Evidence Supporting a One Health Approach. , Iran J War Public Health. 2026; 18 (4) :1001-1012
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Abstract (333 Views)
Abstract
Aim: Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne viral zoonosis reported in several provinces of Iran. This study describes the demographic, occupational, exposure-related, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of CCHF cases recorded by the surveillance system in Guilan Province, northern Iran, using the One Health approach. Methods: We conducted a retrospective descriptive analysis of surveillance records from 2003 to 2023. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics. Results: There were 153 laboratory- confirmed cases of CCHF recorded. Of these cases, 121 cases (79.1% ) were male and 32(20.9%) were female. Of the diagnosed CCHF patients, approximately 60% were between the ages of 40 and 70 years. Most of the cases were reported in workstations that were situated in rural regions. Agents responsible for CCHF transmission had direct contact with infected wildlife and tick bites. Nine deaths were reported, corresponding to a case-fatality proportion of 5.9%, demonstrating an increase in the number of cases noted in the last five years of the study. Conclusion: The findings describe reported human cases and may inform priorities for surveillance and prevention. Because animal, tick-vector, and environmental data were not directly measured, the One Health implications should be interpreted as recommendations for integrated surveillance rather than direct evidence of cross-sector transmission in endemic areas.
Aim: Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne viral zoonosis reported in several provinces of Iran. This study describes the demographic, occupational, exposure-related, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of CCHF cases recorded by the surveillance system in Guilan Province, northern Iran, using the One Health approach. Methods: We conducted a retrospective descriptive analysis of surveillance records from 2003 to 2023. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics. Results: There were 153 laboratory- confirmed cases of CCHF recorded. Of these cases, 121 cases (79.1% ) were male and 32(20.9%) were female. Of the diagnosed CCHF patients, approximately 60% were between the ages of 40 and 70 years. Most of the cases were reported in workstations that were situated in rural regions. Agents responsible for CCHF transmission had direct contact with infected wildlife and tick bites. Nine deaths were reported, corresponding to a case-fatality proportion of 5.9%, demonstrating an increase in the number of cases noted in the last five years of the study. Conclusion: The findings describe reported human cases and may inform priorities for surveillance and prevention. Because animal, tick-vector, and environmental data were not directly measured, the One Health implications should be interpreted as recommendations for integrated surveillance rather than direct evidence of cross-sector transmission in endemic areas.
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