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Volume 18, Issue 2 (2026)
Iran J War Public Health 2026, 18(2): 235-241 |
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Received: 2026/06/16 | Accepted: 2026/08/3 | Published: 2026/08/8
Received: 2026/06/16 | Accepted: 2026/08/3 | Published: 2026/08/8
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Tahir N, ALShaban S, Akram R, Shalgam D, Ammar Waham Ashor A, Alrubaye H. Comparison of Vitamin B12 Levels between Diabetic Patients with and without Hypothyroidism. Iran J War Public Health 2026; 18 (2) :235-241
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N.T. Tahir *1, S.A.W. ALShaban2, R.S. Akram2, D.O. Shalgam1, A.W. Ammar Waham Ashor3, H.D. Alrubaye3
1- National Diabetes Center, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
2- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
3- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
2- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
3- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
Abstract (193 Views)
Aims: This study aimed to assess vitamin B12 levels in Iraqi participants in three groups: those with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypothyroidism, those with type 2 diabetes mellitus without hypothyroidism, and healthy individuals.
Materials & Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study included 90 participants divided into three equal groups: patients with type 2 diabetes and hypothyroidism, patients with type 2 diabetes without hypothyroidism, and healthy controls. Demographic data and blood samples were collected from all participants after obtaining informed consent. Thyroid function, glycemic status, lipid profile, renal function, and vitamin B12 levels were assessed using standardized automated analyzers.
Findings: Age did not differ significantly among the groups (p=0.104), whereas participants with type 2 diabetes—particularly those with hypothyroidism—had higher body mass index, fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and thyroid-stimulating hormone levels and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TT3, and TT4 levels than controls. Mean vitamin B12 levels were significantly lower in participants with type 2 diabetes and hypothyroidism (202±31ng/mL) and type 2 diabetes without hypothyroidism (264±42ng/mL) than in controls (460±99ng/mL; p=0.0001). Vitamin B12 levels were inversely correlated with body mass index, Fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (all p≤0.0001) but positively correlated with age (p=0.0001) and TT3 (p=0.001). Correlations between vitamin B12 and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and TT4 were not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Vitamin B12 deficiency is more prevalent among diabetic patients with hypothyroidism
Materials & Methods: This comparative cross-sectional study included 90 participants divided into three equal groups: patients with type 2 diabetes and hypothyroidism, patients with type 2 diabetes without hypothyroidism, and healthy controls. Demographic data and blood samples were collected from all participants after obtaining informed consent. Thyroid function, glycemic status, lipid profile, renal function, and vitamin B12 levels were assessed using standardized automated analyzers.
Findings: Age did not differ significantly among the groups (p=0.104), whereas participants with type 2 diabetes—particularly those with hypothyroidism—had higher body mass index, fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and thyroid-stimulating hormone levels and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TT3, and TT4 levels than controls. Mean vitamin B12 levels were significantly lower in participants with type 2 diabetes and hypothyroidism (202±31ng/mL) and type 2 diabetes without hypothyroidism (264±42ng/mL) than in controls (460±99ng/mL; p=0.0001). Vitamin B12 levels were inversely correlated with body mass index, Fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (all p≤0.0001) but positively correlated with age (p=0.0001) and TT3 (p=0.001). Correlations between vitamin B12 and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and TT4 were not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Vitamin B12 deficiency is more prevalent among diabetic patients with hypothyroidism
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