en سلامت جانبازان يا معلولان Veterans or Handicapped Health پژوهشی اصيل Original Research <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#f79646">Aims:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">This study aimed to assess vitamin B12 levels in Iraqi participants in three groups: those with </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">type 2 diabetes mellitus </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">and hypothyroidism, those with </span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">type 2 diabetes mellitus </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">without hypothyroidism, and healthy individuals</span></span><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">.</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"Cambria",serif"></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#f79646">Materials & Methods:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"> This comparative cross-sectional study included 90 participants divided into three equal groups: patients with type 2 diabetes and hypothyroidism, patients with type 2 diabetes without hypothyroidism, and healthy controls. Demographic data and blood samples were collected from all participants after obtaining informed consent. Thyroid function, glycemic status, lipid profile, renal function, and vitamin B12 levels were assessed using standardized automated analyzers. <span style="background:white"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#f79646">Findings:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"> Age did not differ significantly among the groups (p=0.104), whereas participants with </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">type 2 diabetes</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">&mdash;particularly those with hypothyroidism&mdash;had higher body mass index, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">fasting blood sugar</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">, HbA1c, total cholesterol, triglycerides, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">low-density lipoprotein cholesterol</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">, and </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">thyroid-stimulating hormone</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"> levels and lower </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">high-density lipoprotein cholesterol</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">, TT3, and TT4 levels than controls. Mean vitamin B12 levels were significantly lower in participants with </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">type 2 diabetes </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">and hypothyroidism (202&plusmn;31ng/mL) and </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">type 2 diabetes </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">without hypothyroidism (264&plusmn;42ng/mL) than in controls (460&plusmn;99ng/mL; p=0.0001). Vitamin B12 levels were inversely correlated with body mass index, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">Fasting blood sugar</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">, HbA1c, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">thyroid-stimulating hormone</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"> (all p&le;0.0001) but positively correlated with age (p=0.0001) and TT3 (p=0.001). Correlations between vitamin B12 and </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">high-density lipoprotein cholesterol</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">, </span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">low-density lipoprotein cholesterol</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">, and TT4 were not statistically significant</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#f79646">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">Vitamin B12 deficiency is more prevalent among diabetic patients with hypothyroidism</span></span></span></span></span></span></span> Diabetes Mellitus, Hypothyroidism, Lipids, Thyroid Function Test, Vitamin B12 235 241 http://ijwph.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2448-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 N.T. Tahir 15300319475328460029420 15300319475328460029420 Yes National Diabetes Center, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq S.A.W. ALShaban 15300319475328460029421 15300319475328460029421 No Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq R.S. Akram 15300319475328460029422 15300319475328460029422 No Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq D.O. Shalgam 15300319475328460029423 15300319475328460029423 No National Diabetes Center, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq A.W. Ammar Waham Ashor 15300319475328460029424 15300319475328460029424 No Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq H.D. Alrubaye 15300319475328460029425 15300319475328460029425 No Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq