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Volume 18, Issue 3 (2026)
Iran J War Public Health 2026, 18(3): 317-322 |
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Received: 2026/07/24 | Accepted: 2026/09/5 | Published: 2026/09/18
Received: 2026/07/24 | Accepted: 2026/09/5 | Published: 2026/09/18
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Abdulhadi G. MAPK4 and ERK5 as Novel Diagnostic Biochemical Markers in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. , Iran J War Public Health. 2026; 18 (3) :317-322
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Authors
G.H. Abdulhadi *
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
Abstract (536 Views)
Aims: This study aimed to evaluate serum levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus and determine their individual and combined diagnostic performance relative to that of anti-dsDNA antibodies.
Materials & Methods: This study included 119 women with active systemic lupus erythematosus and 61 healthy female controls. Serum concentrations of mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 and the anti-dsDNA index were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Diagnostic performance was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic curves, principal component analysis, and multivariate logistic regression.
Findings: Patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus had significantly higher serum dsDNA, mitogen-activated protein kinase 4, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 levels than healthy controls (all p<0.001). Each biomarker showed excellent discrimination, with areas under the curves of 0.989 for dsDNA and 0.994 for both mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5. A single principal component explained approximately 85% of the variance across the three biomarkers. The combined logistic model achieved 99.4% classification accuracy, although no individual biomarker retained statistical significance in the multivariable model.
Conclusion: Serum mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 show promise as complementary biomarkers for SLE diagnosis, particularly alongside anti-dsDNA.
Materials & Methods: This study included 119 women with active systemic lupus erythematosus and 61 healthy female controls. Serum concentrations of mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 and the anti-dsDNA index were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Diagnostic performance was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic curves, principal component analysis, and multivariate logistic regression.
Findings: Patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus had significantly higher serum dsDNA, mitogen-activated protein kinase 4, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 levels than healthy controls (all p<0.001). Each biomarker showed excellent discrimination, with areas under the curves of 0.989 for dsDNA and 0.994 for both mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5. A single principal component explained approximately 85% of the variance across the three biomarkers. The combined logistic model achieved 99.4% classification accuracy, although no individual biomarker retained statistical significance in the multivariable model.
Conclusion: Serum mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 show promise as complementary biomarkers for SLE diagnosis, particularly alongside anti-dsDNA.
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