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Volume 18, Issue 1 (2026)
Iran J War Public Health 2026, 18(1): 1001-1010 |
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Received: 2025/07/19 | Accepted: 2026/03/31 | Published: 2026/01/29
Received: 2025/07/19 | Accepted: 2026/03/31 | Published: 2026/01/29
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Lestari R D, Lazuardi L, Darwito D. A Decade Of Telerehabilitation Using Virtual Reality: Bioethics Perspective. Iran J War Public Health 2026; 18 (1) :1001-1010
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URL: http://ijwph.ir/article-1-1632-en.html
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Abstract (22 Views)
Aims: This study analyzes the development of virtual reality (VR)-based telerehabilitation over the past decade (2015–2024) through a bibliometric approach to 323 scientific publications.
Instrument & Methods: This study uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach emphasizing bibliometric studies. The research data is sourced from reputable international journals indexed by Scopus. The collected data is then thoroughly analyzed and visualized using the VOSviewer program.
Findings: The results reveal a dominance of technical and clinical studies with minimal attention to ethical aspects, indicating a disparity between technological advances and bioethical considerations. Keyword network analysis identified three main clusters: clinical effectiveness, immersive technology, and patient quality of life, while ethical issues such as informed consent, data privacy, and equitable access emerged as separate nodes. Key findings of the study include: (1) the dominance of research by developed countries (the US and Italy account for 44% of publications), reflecting global disparities in access to technology; (2) the risk of dehumanization in rehabilitation practices due to reduced therapeutic interaction, and (3) the lack of an ethical framework in the development of VR systems.
Conclusion: This study recommends an integrated approach encompassing the development of ethics-by-design principles, hybrid models that maintain human interaction, and inclusive funding schemes to reach marginalized populations. The study's implications emphasize the need for a paradigm shift in research that balances technical, clinical, and ethical aspects. Future research agendas should prioritize studies on patient experiences, evaluations of technological biases, and the development of regulations that protect user rights.
Instrument & Methods: This study uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach emphasizing bibliometric studies. The research data is sourced from reputable international journals indexed by Scopus. The collected data is then thoroughly analyzed and visualized using the VOSviewer program.
Findings: The results reveal a dominance of technical and clinical studies with minimal attention to ethical aspects, indicating a disparity between technological advances and bioethical considerations. Keyword network analysis identified three main clusters: clinical effectiveness, immersive technology, and patient quality of life, while ethical issues such as informed consent, data privacy, and equitable access emerged as separate nodes. Key findings of the study include: (1) the dominance of research by developed countries (the US and Italy account for 44% of publications), reflecting global disparities in access to technology; (2) the risk of dehumanization in rehabilitation practices due to reduced therapeutic interaction, and (3) the lack of an ethical framework in the development of VR systems.
Conclusion: This study recommends an integrated approach encompassing the development of ethics-by-design principles, hybrid models that maintain human interaction, and inclusive funding schemes to reach marginalized populations. The study's implications emphasize the need for a paradigm shift in research that balances technical, clinical, and ethical aspects. Future research agendas should prioritize studies on patient experiences, evaluations of technological biases, and the development of regulations that protect user rights.
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