Iranian Journal of War and Public Health

eISSN (English): 2980-969X
eISSN (Persian): 2008-2630
pISSN (Persian): 2008-2622
JMERC
0.4
Volume 17, Issue 1 (2025)                   Iran J War Public Health 2025, 17(1): 9-16 | Back to browse issues page

Print XML PDF HTML Full-Text (HTML)

Ethics code: 1401008


History

How to cite this article
Elahian M, Rezakhani S, Dokanehifard F. Relationship between Early Maladaptive Schemas and Psychological Capital in Children of Veterans; a Psychological Perspective. Iran J War Public Health 2025; 17 (1) :9-16
URL: http://ijwph.ir/article-1-1494-en.html
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:

Rights and permissions
1- Department of Counseling, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran
* Corresponding Author Address: Department of Counseling, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen Branch, Ayatollah Khamenhi Street, Roudehen, Iran. Postal Code: 3073188981 (rezakhani.sd@gmail.com)
Abstract   (572 Views)

Aims: Children’s mental conditions are influenced by their communication with their parents. The purpose of this study was to explain the causal relationship between early maladaptive schemas and psychological capital in the children of veterans, with a focus on the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation.
Instrument & Methods: This descriptive study employed a causal modeling statistical approach for data collection. Out of 86,642 children (boys and girls) of veterans aged 18 to 35, 340 participants were available and voluntarily surveyed from April 2022 to September 2022. The research tools included the Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form, the Psychological Capital Questionnaire by Luthans et al., and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire by Garnefski et al. Data were analyzed using path analysis, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and regression analysis by AMOS 24.
Findings: The evaluated structural model had good fit indices for the data. The path coefficient for adaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation with psychological capital was positive (p=0.001; β=0.247), while the path coefficient for maladaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation with psychological capital was negative and significant (p=0.001; β=0.338). The total path coefficient (the sum of direct and indirect path coefficients) between early maladaptive schemas and psychological capital was negative and significant (p=0.001; β=0.209).
Conclusion: Both adaptive and maladaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation explain the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and psychological capital in the children of veterans.

Keywords:

References
1. Fakhri Z, Danesh E, Shahidi Sh, Seliminia AR. Quality of value system and self-efficacy beliefs in children with veteran and non-veteran fathers. J Appl Psychol. 2013;6(4):25-42. [Persian] [Link]
2. Solomon Z, Debby-Aharon Sh, Zerach G, Horesh D. Marital adjustment parental functioning and emotional sharing in war veterans. J Fam Issues. 2011;32(1):127-47. [Link] [DOI:10.1177/0192513X10379203]
3. Rauvola RS, Vega DM, Lavigne KN. Compassion fatigue, secondary traumatic stress, and vicarious traumatization: A qualitative review and research agenda. Occup Health Sci. 2019;3(3):297-336. [Link] [DOI:10.1007/s41542-019-00045-1]
4. Polak S, Bailey R, Bailey E. Secondary traumatic stress in the courtroom suggestions for preventing vicarious trauma resulting from child sexual abuse imagery. Juv Fam Court J. 2019;70(2):69-75. [Link] [DOI:10.1111/jfcj.12137]
5. Rezapour Mirsaleh Y, Zakeri F, Amini R, Eslamifard M. A study of the relationship between psychological acceptance and self-compassion and attitude to seeking psychological help in the children of disabled veterans. Sci J Mil Psychol. 2021;12(45):7-19. [Persian] [Link]
6. Etikariena A. The effect of psychological capital as a mediator variable on the relationship between work happiness and innovative work behavior. In: Diversity in unity: Perspectives from psychology and behavioral sciences. London: Routledge; 2017. p. 379-86. [Link] [DOI:10.1201/9781315225302-46]
7. Luthans F, Youssef CM. Emerging positive organizational behavior. J Manag. 2007;33(3):321-49. [Link] [DOI:10.1177/0149206307300814]
8. Azimi D, Gadimi S, Khazan K, Dargahi S. The role of psychological capitals and academic motivation in academic vitality and decisional procrastination in nursing students. J Med Educ Dev. 2017;12(3):147-57. [Persian] [Link]
9. Askari F, Tajrobehkar M, Towhidi A. The role of psychological capital on the ability to solve social problems through mediation intellectual preferences. Posit Psychol Res. 2021;7(2):73-88. [Persian] [Link]
10. Bakhshi N, Pashang S, Jafari N, Ghorban-Shiroudi S. Developing a model of psychological well-being in elderly based on life expectancy through mediation of death anxiety. Iran J Health Educ Health Promot. 2020;8(3):283-93. [Persian] [Link] [DOI:10.29252/ijhehp.8.3.283]
11. Golparvar M, Ghasemi M, Mosahebi M. Role patterns of psychological capital factors on life and marital satisfaction among war survivor's wives in Shahrekord City. Womens Stud. 2014;12(1):119-40. [Persian] [Link]
12. Liu Y, Yu H, Shi Y, Ma C. The effect of perceived stress on depression in college students: The role of emotion regulation and positive psychological capital. Front Psychol. 2023;14:1110798. [Link] [DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1110798]
13. Garavand P, Manshei Gh. The effectiveness of teaching forgiveness based on Enright model and enriching the relationships on mental wellbeing and life quality of dissatisfied women from their marital life in the city of Khoram Abad. Middle Eastern J Disabil Stud. 2015;5:190-9. [Persian] [Link]
14. Luthans F. The need for and meaning of positive organizational behavior. J Organ Behav. 2002;23(6):695-706. [Link] [DOI:10.1002/job.165]
15. Javadpour M, Rezaee A, Javidi H, Khayyer M. Effectiveness of cognitive emotional regulation training on the impulsivity and peer relationship in high school students: A pilot study. Community Health. 2022;9(2). [Persian] [Link]
16. Strauss AY, Kivity Y, Huppert JD. Emotion regulation strategies in cognitive behavioral therapy for panic disorder. Behav Ther. 2019;50(3):659-71. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.beth.2018.10.005]
17. Garnefski N, Kraaij V. Cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire-development of a short 18-item version (CERQ-short). Personal Individ Differ. 2006;41(6):1045-53. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.paid.2006.04.010]
18. Mouatsou C, Koutra K. Emotion regulation in relation with resilience in emerging adults: The mediating role of self-esteem. Curr Psychol. 2023;42(2):734-47. [Link] [DOI:10.1007/s12144-021-01427-x]
19. Guo Z, Cui Y, Yang T, Liu X, Lu H, Zhang Y, et al. Network analysis of affect, emotion regulation, psychological capital, and resilience among Chinese males during the late stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health. 2023;11:1144420. [Link] [DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1144420]
20. Polizzi CP, Lynn SJ. Regulating emotionality to manage adversity: A systematic review of the relation between emotion regulation and psychological resilience. Cogn Ther Res. 2021;45(2):577-97. [Link] [DOI:10.1007/s10608-020-10186-1]
21. Basharat MA, Khalili Khadzerabadi M, Rezazade SMR. The mediating role of difficulty of emotion regulation in the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and marital problems. Iran J Fam Psychol. 2017;3(2):27-44. [Persian] [Link]
22. Young JE. Cognitive therapy for personality disorders: A schema-focused approach. Sarasota: Professional Resource Exchange, Inc; 1990. [Link]
23. Amini Z, Khoshravesh V. The relationship between early maladaptive schemas and burnout with the mediating role of psychological capital. Manag Educ Perspect. 2020;2(3):133-63. [Persian] [Link]
24. Gorji M, Salehi S. The role of early maladaptive schemas and cognitive emotion regulation strategies in predicting resilience. Q J Soc Work. 2020;8(4):52-60. [Persian] [Link]
25. Young JE, Brown G. Young schema questionnaire-short form; Version 3. New York: Schema Therapy Institute; 2005. [Link] [DOI:10.1037/t67023-000]
26. Oei TPS, Baranoff J. Young schema questionnaire: Review of psychometric and measurement issues. Aust J Psychol. 2007;59(2):78-86. [Link] [DOI:10.1080/00049530601148397]
27. Ahi Q, Mohammadifar MA, Basharat MA. Reliability and validity of young's schema questionnaire-short form. J Psychol Educ. 2007;37(3):5-20. [Persian] [Link]
28. Youssef C, Luthans F. Positive organizational behavior in the workplace: The impact of hope, optimism, and resilience. J Manag. 2007;33(5):774-800. [Link] [DOI:10.1177/0149206307305562]
29. Bahadori Khosroshahi J, Hashemi Nosratabadi T, Bayrami M. The relationship between psychological capital and personality traits with job satisfaction in public library librarians in Tabriz. Pajoohande. 2013;17(6):312-9. [Persian] [Link]
30. Garnefski N, Van Den Kommer T, Kraaij V, Teerds J, Legerstee J, Onstein E. The relationship between cognitive emotion regulation strategies and emotional problems: Comparison between a clinical and a non-clinical sample. Eur J Personal. 2002;16(5):403-20. [Link] [DOI:10.1002/per.458]
31. Basharat MA, Bezazian S. Psychometri properties of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire in a sample of Iranian population. Adv Nurs Midwifery. 2015;24(84):61-70. [Persian] [Link]
32. Nejat Akfirat O. Investigation of relationship between psychological well-being, self esteem, perceived general self-efficacy, level of hope and cognitive emotion regulation strategies. Eur J Educ Stud. 2020;7(9). [Link] [DOI:10.46827/ejes.v7i9.3267]

Add your comments about this article : Your username or Email:
CAPTCHA