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Volume 18, Issue 3 (2026)
Iran J War Public Health 2026, 18(3): 275-282 |
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Received: 2026/07/5 | Accepted: 2026/08/18 | Published: 2026/08/28
Received: 2026/07/5 | Accepted: 2026/08/18 | Published: 2026/08/28
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Esmali A, Mikaeili N, Ghaffari M, Eslami Z. Mediating Role of Moral Self-Efficacy in the Relationship Between Emotional Self-Efficacy, General Self-Efficacy, and Perceived Stress Among Veterans’ Spouses. Iran J War Public Health 2026; 18 (3) :275-282
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1- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
2- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
2- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract (495 Views)
Aims: Emotional self-efficacy and general self-efficacy are important psychological resources associated with adaptive coping and perceived stress. This study aimed to examine the mediating role of moral self-efficacy in the relationships between emotional self-efficacy and general self-efficacy and perceived stress among veterans’ spouses.
Instrument & Methods: This correlational study employed path analysis. The target population comprised wives of veterans residing in Tabriz in 2026, of whom 210 were recruited through convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Perceived Stress Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Emotional Self-Efficacy Scale, and Moral Self-Efficacy Scale. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, path analysis, bootstrapping, and the Sobel test in SPSS 26 and AMOS 26.
Findings: Among the 210 veterans’ spouses surveyed (mean age = 39.5±7.8 years), Pearson correlations revealed that general (r=−0.237), emotional (r=−0.181), and moral self-efficacy (r=−0.267) were all significantly and negatively correlated with perceived stress (p<0.05). Path analysis demonstrated that general (β=−0.18) and moral (β=−0.211) self-efficacy had significant negative direct effects on perceived stress, whereas the direct effect of emotional self-efficacy was nonsignificant (β=−0.03). Furthermore, moral self-efficacy significantly mediated the relationships between both general (t=−2.01; p<0.05) and emotional (t=−2.20; p<0.05) self-efficacy and perceived stress. The proposed model demonstrated an acceptable fit to the data (χ2(4)=10.00; χ2/degree of freedom=2.5; mean square error of approximation=0.07; comparative fit index>0.95).
Conclusion: Interventions aimed at bolstering various forms of self-efficacy, especially moral self-efficacy, effectively mitigate perceived stress and promote adaptive coping among veterans’ spouses.
Instrument & Methods: This correlational study employed path analysis. The target population comprised wives of veterans residing in Tabriz in 2026, of whom 210 were recruited through convenience sampling. Data were collected using the Perceived Stress Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Emotional Self-Efficacy Scale, and Moral Self-Efficacy Scale. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, path analysis, bootstrapping, and the Sobel test in SPSS 26 and AMOS 26.
Findings: Among the 210 veterans’ spouses surveyed (mean age = 39.5±7.8 years), Pearson correlations revealed that general (r=−0.237), emotional (r=−0.181), and moral self-efficacy (r=−0.267) were all significantly and negatively correlated with perceived stress (p<0.05). Path analysis demonstrated that general (β=−0.18) and moral (β=−0.211) self-efficacy had significant negative direct effects on perceived stress, whereas the direct effect of emotional self-efficacy was nonsignificant (β=−0.03). Furthermore, moral self-efficacy significantly mediated the relationships between both general (t=−2.01; p<0.05) and emotional (t=−2.20; p<0.05) self-efficacy and perceived stress. The proposed model demonstrated an acceptable fit to the data (χ2(4)=10.00; χ2/degree of freedom=2.5; mean square error of approximation=0.07; comparative fit index>0.95).
Conclusion: Interventions aimed at bolstering various forms of self-efficacy, especially moral self-efficacy, effectively mitigate perceived stress and promote adaptive coping among veterans’ spouses.
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