JMERC
Owner
Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC) is the owner of IJWPH.
0.5
Cite Score
SJR: 0.129 / SNIP: 0.140
Volume 17, Issue 2 (2025)
Iran J War Public Health 2025, 17(2): 139-147 |
Back to browse issues page
Article Type:
Subject:
History
Received: 2025/05/28 | Accepted: 2025/07/1 | Published: 2025/07/6
Received: 2025/05/28 | Accepted: 2025/07/1 | Published: 2025/07/6
How to cite this article
Mirbagheri A, Hazareh Z, Kianimoghdam A. Relationship Between Self-Efficacy and Self-Handicapping and Tendency to Addiction Use in Soldiers. Iran J War Public Health 2025; 17 (2) :139-147
URL: http://ijwph.ir/article-1-1606-en.html
URL: http://ijwph.ir/article-1-1606-en.html
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Rights and permissions
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
1- ”Student Research Committee” and “Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine”, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, International Campus, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
3- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, International Campus, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
3- Department of Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract (296 Views)
Aims: This study investigated the mediating role of personality dimensions in the relationship between self-efficacy and both self-handicapping and addiction tendencies among soldiers. Understanding these psychological mechanisms is crucial for developing effective interventions in military populations.
Instrument & Methods: This descriptive correlational study employed structural equation modeling. The sample consisted of 400 conscript soldiers from the Law Enforcement Forces of Yazd in 2024. Participants completed standardized questionnaires measuring self-efficacy, self-handicapping, addiction tendency, and the Big Five personality traits. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS and SmartPLS software.
Findings: Significant associations were found among self-efficacy, personality dimensions, self-handicapping, and addiction tendency. Moreover, personality dimensions were shown to mediate the effect of self-efficacy on both self-handicapping and addiction tendency.
Conclusion: Self-efficacy plays a vital role in reducing self-handicapping behaviors and addiction tendencies among conscript soldiers, with personality traits acting as important mediators.
Instrument & Methods: This descriptive correlational study employed structural equation modeling. The sample consisted of 400 conscript soldiers from the Law Enforcement Forces of Yazd in 2024. Participants completed standardized questionnaires measuring self-efficacy, self-handicapping, addiction tendency, and the Big Five personality traits. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS and SmartPLS software.
Findings: Significant associations were found among self-efficacy, personality dimensions, self-handicapping, and addiction tendency. Moreover, personality dimensions were shown to mediate the effect of self-efficacy on both self-handicapping and addiction tendency.
Conclusion: Self-efficacy plays a vital role in reducing self-handicapping behaviors and addiction tendencies among conscript soldiers, with personality traits acting as important mediators.
Keywords:
References
1. Puhani PA, Sterrenberg MK. Effects of mandatory military service on wages and other socioeconomic outcomes. Hannover: Hannover Economic Papers; 2021. No. 684. [Link] [DOI:10.2139/ssrn.3846696]
2. Karch SB, Goldberger BA. Karch's drug abuse handbook. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 2022. [Link] [DOI:10.4324/9781315155159]
3. Jargin SV. Military aspects of malingering, sexual and reproductive coercion: Report from Russia. J Forensic Investig. 2022;10(1):5. [Link] [DOI:10.13188/2330-0396.1000050]
4. Leah S, Eyal G, Nirit Y, Ariel BY, Yossi LB. Suicide among Ethiopian origin soldiers in the IDF-A qualitative view of risk factors, triggers, and life circumstances. J Affect Disord. 2020;269:125-33. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2020.03.034]
5. Krala AK. Attitudes towards malingering mental health illness to exit the military [dissertation]. Santa Barbara: Fielding Graduate University; 2023. [Link]
6. Erfanian Talee Noughan Z, Hejazi SA, Fotovat A, Hamzeh M. Prevalence assessment of psychological phenomena by malinger clients who referred to the forensic psychiatry department of Khorasan Razavi, Iran. Iran J Forensic Med. 2021;27(1):59-68. [Persian] [Link]
7. Bellman V, Chinthalapally A, Johnston E, Russell N, Bruce J, Saleem S. Malingering of psychotic symptoms in psychiatric settings: Theoretical aspects and clinical considerations. Psychiatry J. 2022;2022:3884317. [Link] [DOI:10.1155/2022/3884317]
8. Carapezza RS. Are there sufficient measures and research for the detection of malingering in posttraumatic stress disorder in the United States military and department of veterans affairs? [dissertation]. California: Pepperdine University; 2021. [Link]
9. Aita SL, Borgogna NC, Aita LJ, Ogden ML, Hill BD. Comparison of clinical psychologist and physician beliefs and practices concerning malingering: Results from a mixed methods study. Psychol Inj Law. 2020;13(3):246-60. [Link] [DOI:10.1007/s12207-020-09374-x]
10. Rogers R, Bender SD. Clinical assessment of malingering and deception. New York: Guilford Publications; 2020. [Link]
11. Zeng X, Tan C. The relationship between the family functioning of individuals with drug addiction and relapse tendency: A moderated mediation model. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(2):625. [Link] [DOI:10.3390/ijerph18020625]
12. Arghabaei M, Solimanian AA, Mohammadipoor M, Ghalehnovy F. The role of attachment style in substance use tendency: Investigating the mediating role of sense of coherence. Res Addctn Drug Control Hqrs Pres. 2019;13(53):97-118. [Persian] [Link]
13. Yaghoutizarghar H, Ahmadi S. Modeling the tendency to use drugs based on sensation seeking with the mediation of emotion dysregulation. Res Addctn Drug Control Hqrs Pres. 2020;14(57):115-30. [Persian] [Link] [DOI:10.29252/etiadpajohi.14.57.115]
14. Ahmadi K, Mehrazma A, Karambakhsh A, Salesi M. An investigation of demographic and familial characteristics of addicted soldiers. J Mil Med. 2013;15(3):201-8. [Link]
15. Bekesiene S. Impact of personality on cadet academic and military performance within mediating role of self-efficacy. Front Psychol. 2023;14:1266236. [Link] [DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1266236]
16. Craig SD, Riddle DL, Lauer S, Hughes GI, Elmore WR, Udell CE, et al. Investigating the impact of mobile microlearning and self-regulated learning support on soldiers' self-efficacy and retention within an army schoolhouse. J Mil Learn. 2023;1:29-45. [Link]
17. Abedi S, Hesari AR, Abbasi M. Investigating the relationship between self-efficacy and athletic satisfaction with soldiers sport performance level. Paramed Sci Mil Health. 2020;15(1):10-7. [Persian] [Link]
18. Dadipoor S, Alavi A, Ghaffari M, Safari-Moradabadi A. Association between self-efficacy and general health: A cross-sectional study of the nursing population. BMC Nurs. 2021;20(1):49. [Link] [DOI:10.1186/s12912-021-00568-5]
19. Stewart MA, De George-Walker LJP. Self-handicapping, perfectionism, locus of control and self-efficacy: A path model. Personal Individ Differ. 2014;66:160-4. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.paid.2014.03.038]
20. Martin KA, Brawley LR. Self-handicapping in physical achievement settings: The contributions of self-esteem and self-efficacy. Self Identity. 2002;1(4):337-51. [Link] [DOI:10.1080/15298860290106814]
21. Damirchi ES, Fayazi M, Mohammadi N. The relationship between self-efficacy and perceived social support with addiction tendency among soldiers. J Mil Med. 2017;18(4):316-24. [Persian] [Link]
22. Kia DM, Zarei AJ. The relationship between personality traits of military commanders and violations of soldiers. J Mil Med. 2019;21(3):272-81. [Persian] [Link]
23. Bucher MA, Suzuki T, Samuel DB. A meta-analytic review of personality traits and their associations with mental health treatment outcomes. Clin Psychol Rev. 2019;70:51-63. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.cpr.2019.04.002]
24. Litvinova A, Balarabe M, Mohammed AI. Influence of personality traits and age on academic self-handicapping among undergraduate students of Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria. Psychology. 2015;6(15):1995-2003. [Link] [DOI:10.4236/psych.2015.615197]
25. Djigić G, Stojiljković S, Dosković M. Basic personality dimensions and teachers' self-efficacy. Procedia Soc Behav Sci. 2014;112(112):593-602. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.1206]
26. Zeighami R, Hosseini SM, Mohammadi N, Shahsavari S. Predicting addiction susceptibility based on big five personality traits. Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci. 2021;15(4):e109103. [Link] [DOI:10.5812/ijpbs.109103]
27. Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. London: Routledge; 2013. [Link] [DOI:10.4324/9780203771587]
28. Astaficevs A, Vazne Z, Fernate A. Adaptation of questionnaires on psychological performance, sports mental toughness and general self-efficacy. LASE J Sport Sci. 2020;11(2):3-17. [Link]
29. Rahimi Pordanjani S, Ghobari Bonab B. The effect of multiple intelligences training on general self efficacy of high school deaf students. Res Cogn Behav Sci. 2011;1(1):73-86. [Persian] [Link]
30. Jones E, Rhodewalt F. Self-handicapping scale. Salt Lake City: University of Utah; 1982. [Link] [DOI:10.1037/t09528-000]
31. Kazemi Y, Nikmanesh Z, Khosravi M. Role of self-handicapping on prediction of the quality of life in primary students. J Prac Clin Psychol. 2015;3(1):61-8. [Link]
32. Weed NC, Butcher JN, McKenna T, Ben-Porath YS. New measures for assessing alcohol and drug abuse with the MMPI-2: The APS and AAS. J Pers Assess. 1992;58(2):389-404. [Link] [DOI:10.1207/s15327752jpa5802_15]
33. Jebraeile H. Development and standardization of a questionnaire to identify people at risk of addiction and substance use based on questionnaires of five-factor model of personality, emotional intelligence and resilience. Psychometry. 2017;5(20):83-103. [Persian] [Link]
34. Magalhães E, Salgueira A, Gonzalez AJ, Costa JJ, Costa MJ, Costa P, et al. Psychometric properties of a short personality inventory in Portuguese context. PSICOLOGIA REFLEXÃO E CRÍTICA. 2014;27(4):642-57. [Link] [DOI:10.1590/1678-7153.201427405]
35. Atashafrouz A, Araban S. The causal relationship between personality traits and academic performance with mediating role of study Strategies in students. Psychol Achiev. 2017;24(1):78-98. [Persian] [Link]
36. Hair JF, Ringle CM, Sarstedt M. Partial least squares: The better approach to structural equation modeling?. Long Range Plan. 2012;45(5-6):312-9. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.lrp.2012.09.011]
37. Akar H, Dogan YB, Üstüner M. The relationships between positive and negative perfectionisms, self-handicapping, self-efficacy and academic achievement. Eur J Contemp Educ. 2018;7(1):7-20. [Link] [DOI:10.13187/ejced.2018.1.7]
38. Poluektova O, Kappas A, Smith CA. Using Bandura's self-efficacy theory to explain individual differences in the appraisal of problem-focused coping potential. Emot Rev. 2023;15(4):302-12. [Link] [DOI:10.1177/17540739231164367]
39. Török L, Szabó ZP, Tóth L. A critical review of the literature on academic self-handicapping: Theory, manifestations, prevention and measurement. Soc Psychol Educ. 2018;21:1175-202. [Link] [DOI:10.1007/s11218-018-9460-z]
40. Atoum AY, Al-Momani AL, Asayyah AM. Self-handicapping and its relation to self-efficacy among Yarmouk University Jordanian Students. Curr Res J Soc Sci. 2019;2(2):93-102. [Link] [DOI:10.12944/CRJSSH.2.2.05]
41. Khosroshahi JB, Khanjani Z. Relationship of coping strategies and self-efficacy with substance abuse tendency among students. Knowl Res Appl Psychol. 2014;14(3):80-90. [Persian] [Link]
42. Marlatt GA, Baer JS, Quigley LA. Self-efficacy and addictive behavior. In: Self-efficacy in changing societies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1997. p. 289-315. [Link] [DOI:10.1017/CBO9780511527692.012]
43. Ross SR, Canada KE, Rausch MK. Self-handicapping and the five factor model of personality: Mediation between neuroticism and conscientiousness. Personal Individ Differ. 2002;32(7):1173-84. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/S0191-8869(01)00079-4]
44. Bobo JL, Whitaker KC, Strunk KK. Personality and student self-handicapping: A cross-validated regression approach. Personal Individ Differ. 2013;55(5):619-21. [Link] [DOI:10.1016/j.paid.2013.04.010]
45. Cheng SK, Law MY. Mediating effect of self-esteem in the predictive relationship of personality and academic self-handicapping. Am J Appl Psychol. 2015;4(3):51-7. [Link] [DOI:10.11648/j.ajap.s.2015040301.19]
46. Chelbyanloo G, Mardani L, Alinejhad S. Relationship of temperament-character, abnormal dimensions of personality, and self-control with addiction tendency in university students. Res Addctn Drug Control Hqrs Pres. 2019;12(50):193-212. [Persian] [Link]
47. Andreassen CS, Griffiths MD, Gjertsen SR, Krossbakken E, Kvam S, Pallesen S. The relationships between behavioral addictions and the five-factor model of personality. J Behav Addict. 2013;2(2):90-9. [Link] [DOI:10.1556/JBA.2.2013.003]
48. Kornør H, Nordvik H. Five-factor model personality traits in opioid dependence. BMC Psychiatry. 2007;7:37. [Link] [DOI:10.1186/1471-244X-7-37]
49. Şahin F, Karadağ H, Tuncer B. Big five personality traits, entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention: A configurational approach. Int J Entrep Behav Res. 2019;25(6):1188-211. [Link] [DOI:10.1108/IJEBR-07-2018-0466]
50. Nosenko EL, Arshava IF, Nosenko DV. Personality predictors of self-handicapping as a behavioral manifestation of the individual's self-efficacy deficit. Int J Personal Psychol. 2016;2:44-50. [Link]