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Volume 17, Issue 3 (2025)
Iran J War Public Health 2025, 17(3): 1001-1007 |
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Received: 2025/05/20 | Accepted: 2025/10/18 | Published: 2025/07/19
Received: 2025/05/20 | Accepted: 2025/10/18 | Published: 2025/07/19
How to cite this article
Behzad Basirat Z, Behzad Basirat A M, Mousavi B. Pro-inflammatory and Anti-inflammatory Cytokines in Sulfur Mustard Exposed Survivors: a review. Iran J War Public Health 2025; 17 (3) :1001-1007
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URL: http://ijwph.ir/article-1-1596-en.html
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1- Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC), Tehran, Iran
2- Prevention Department, Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC), Tehran, Iran ,mousavi.b@gmail.com
2- Prevention Department, Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC), Tehran, Iran ,
Abstract (25 Views)
Aims This study reviewed the impact of SM on the biomarkers especially the expression of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in exposed survivors after about 10 to 20 years of exposure.
Information & Method The review collected studies from major databases such as PubMed and Science Direct. Studies that focused on human exposure to sulfur mustard were prioritized, while studies that used mouse models were excluded to maintain a focus on its effects on human health.
Finding Sulfur mustard was associated with alteration of the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers Pro-inflammation such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, BDNF, GM-CSF and Anti- inflammation such as IL-4, IL-10, IL-10.
Conclusion The long-term effects of sulfur mustard on inflammatory biomarkers warrant further, in-depth mechanistic studies to elucidate potential therapeutic interventions targeting these pathways.
Information & Method The review collected studies from major databases such as PubMed and Science Direct. Studies that focused on human exposure to sulfur mustard were prioritized, while studies that used mouse models were excluded to maintain a focus on its effects on human health.
Finding Sulfur mustard was associated with alteration of the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers Pro-inflammation such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, BDNF, GM-CSF and Anti- inflammation such as IL-4, IL-10, IL-10.
Conclusion The long-term effects of sulfur mustard on inflammatory biomarkers warrant further, in-depth mechanistic studies to elucidate potential therapeutic interventions targeting these pathways.
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