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Volume 16, Issue 2 (2024)
Iran J War Public Health 2024, 16(2): 207-213 |
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Ethics code: IR.SBU.Rec1402.043
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Received: 2024/04/11 | Accepted: 2024/09/2 | Published: 2024/09/15
Received: 2024/04/11 | Accepted: 2024/09/2 | Published: 2024/09/15
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Motashar F, Rashid B, Sajem K, Akef I. Epidemiology of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Iraq from 2021 to 2023. Iran J War Public Health 2024; 16 (2) :207-213
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1- Department of Community Health Techniques, College of Health and Medical Techniques, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq
2- Department of Community Health Nursing, Balad Technicqal Institute, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq
3- Communicable Disease Control Center, Baghdad, Iraq
2- Department of Community Health Nursing, Balad Technicqal Institute, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, Iraq
3- Communicable Disease Control Center, Baghdad, Iraq
Abstract (544 Views)
Aims: The aim of the study is to identify the disease's trend over the months and years, and the demographic and environmental factors of the patients, in which Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever is an infectious zoonotic tick-borne disease that causes non-hemorrhagic and hemorrhagic symptoms, has been present in Iraq since 1979, but its prevalence has greatly increased since 2021.
Instrument & Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 957 confirmed patients from all over Iraq (except the Kurdistan region) from 2021 to 2023 were included. The study was conducted from October 2023 to March 2024, and the data were collected from the Iraqi Communicable Disease Control Center.
Findings: The trend of cases has elevated in 2021, 2022, and 2023 as 19, 374, and 564 cases, respectively, with a peak during May, June, and July. The age of most patients ranged from 20-49 years, with a mean of 35.8±15.3 years and a higher percentage of males (58.3%). Most patients lived in rural areas (45.6%) and were from south Iraq, particularly Dhi Qar governorate (33.3%). Occupationally, the housewives recorded the higher exposure (35.7%). The higher environmental risk factor was the exposure to raw or uncooked meat (58.7%). The case fatality rate was 16.5%.
Conclusion: The disease has a seasonal trend, and most Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever patients were males of economically active age living in rural areas in the south of Iraq. Contact with animals and their products was the higher environmental risk factor, and housewives recorded higher occupational exposure.
Instrument & Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 957 confirmed patients from all over Iraq (except the Kurdistan region) from 2021 to 2023 were included. The study was conducted from October 2023 to March 2024, and the data were collected from the Iraqi Communicable Disease Control Center.
Findings: The trend of cases has elevated in 2021, 2022, and 2023 as 19, 374, and 564 cases, respectively, with a peak during May, June, and July. The age of most patients ranged from 20-49 years, with a mean of 35.8±15.3 years and a higher percentage of males (58.3%). Most patients lived in rural areas (45.6%) and were from south Iraq, particularly Dhi Qar governorate (33.3%). Occupationally, the housewives recorded the higher exposure (35.7%). The higher environmental risk factor was the exposure to raw or uncooked meat (58.7%). The case fatality rate was 16.5%.
Conclusion: The disease has a seasonal trend, and most Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever patients were males of economically active age living in rural areas in the south of Iraq. Contact with animals and their products was the higher environmental risk factor, and housewives recorded higher occupational exposure.
Keywords:
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