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Volume 18, Issue 3 (2026)
Iran J War Public Health 2026, 18(3): 1001-1009 |
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Received: 2026/08/10 | Accepted: 2026/08/18 | Published: 2026/06/20
Received: 2026/08/10 | Accepted: 2026/08/18 | Published: 2026/06/20
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Sura Essa Alaaraji, Ihsan Mohammed Ajeena. Short-Term Follow-Up for Patients with Refractory Epilepsy Receiving T-VNS Compared to Those with a VNS-Implanted Device, an Electroencephalography-Based Study. Iran J War Public Health 2026; 18 (3) :1001-1009
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Abstract (82 Views)
Refractory epilepsy defined as persistent seizure occurrence despite triple anti-epileptic drugs treatment with maximum dose. accounting for 30-40% of all epileptic patient. Vagus nerve stimulation (whether implanted or transcutaneously performed) is advanced treatment option for these patients, both procedures show rewarding and promising outcome in reducing seizure frequency and duration. Electroencephalogram is a non-invasive procedure used to measure electrical brain activity and demonstrating epileptic discharges if present.
This study aims to assess the short-term efficacy of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation in comparison to Invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation in reducing epileptic discharges using Long Term Video Electroencephalography.
This is a prospective, comparative study that included 30 patients clinically diagnosed with refractory epilepsy. The study sample was divided into two groups; Group 1; includes 15 patients receiving Transcutaneous Vagal Nerve Stimulation, and Group 2, includes 15 patients receiving Implanted Vagal Nerve Stimulation. Participants in Group 1 and Group 2 were matched on age, gender, residency, occupation, educational level and clinical criteria.
Patients belong to both groups were assessed with Long Term Video Electroencephalography at baseline visit and 3 months after the intervention.
The results showed that all patients within both groups had abnormal Electroencephalography findings before the intervention. The second Electroencephalography test, 3 months after the intervention, normalized in 3 patients (20.0%) within Group 1 and 11 patients (73.3%) within Group 2. The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.023).
This study concluded that the short-term effect of Implanted Vagal Nerve stimulation was the best for the reduction of epileptic discharges recorded in patients with refractory epilepsy.
This study aims to assess the short-term efficacy of Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation in comparison to Invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation in reducing epileptic discharges using Long Term Video Electroencephalography.
This is a prospective, comparative study that included 30 patients clinically diagnosed with refractory epilepsy. The study sample was divided into two groups; Group 1; includes 15 patients receiving Transcutaneous Vagal Nerve Stimulation, and Group 2, includes 15 patients receiving Implanted Vagal Nerve Stimulation. Participants in Group 1 and Group 2 were matched on age, gender, residency, occupation, educational level and clinical criteria.
Patients belong to both groups were assessed with Long Term Video Electroencephalography at baseline visit and 3 months after the intervention.
The results showed that all patients within both groups had abnormal Electroencephalography findings before the intervention. The second Electroencephalography test, 3 months after the intervention, normalized in 3 patients (20.0%) within Group 1 and 11 patients (73.3%) within Group 2. The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.023).
This study concluded that the short-term effect of Implanted Vagal Nerve stimulation was the best for the reduction of epileptic discharges recorded in patients with refractory epilepsy.