Veterans Medical Sciences & Engineering Research Center
Iranian Journal of War and Public Health
2008-2622
7
2
2015
3
1
Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Training on Reducing the Secondary Trauma Symptoms of PTSD Veterans' Wives
57
65
FA
Kh.
Abolmaali
Psychology Department, Psychology Faculty, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran
M.
Aghaeepour Gavasaraee
Psychology Department, Psychology Faculty, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran
Aims: Secondary trauma is a psychological consequence of direct and prolonged contact with a post-traumatic stress disorder person. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of instruction of cognitive-behavioral techniques on reduction of secondary trauma symptoms in wives of post-traumatic stress disorder veterans, with controlling the effect of depression, anxiety and stress.
Materials & Methods: In this quasi-experimental research with pretest-posttest with control group design, 22 spouses of post-traumatic stress disorder veterans referred to Sadr Psychiatric Hospital of Tehran, Iran in 2013 were studied. The people who have attained high score on the secondary trauma test were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The research instruments were a demographic questionnaire, questionnaire of secondary post-traumatic stress, and questionnaire of depression, anxiety and stress. The experimental group was weekly taught cognitive-behavioral techniques in 13 sessions in 135 minutes. The analysis of data was performed by univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance.
Findings: The mean of secondary trauma and components of intrusion, avoidance, and arousal in all cases in the experimental group were lower than the control group. Instruction of cognitive behavioral techniques with controlling the effect of depression, anxiety and stress was effective in reduction of secondary trauma symptoms in wives of post-traumatic stress disorder veterans (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Teaching the cognitive-behavioral techniques is an effective strategy for reducing the symptoms of secondary traumatic stress.
Veterans Medical Sciences & Engineering Research Center
Iranian Journal of War and Public Health
2008-2622
7
2
2015
3
1
Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavior Therapy on Mental Health of PTSD Veterans under Pharmaceutical Treatment
67
72
FA
Sh.
Makvand Hosseini
Clinical Psychology Department, Psychology & Educational Sciences Faculty, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
M.
Kasiri
Clinical Psychology Department, Human Sciences Faculty, Islamic Azad University, Semnan, Iran
M.
Najafi
Clinical Psychology Department, Psychology & Educational Sciences Faculty, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
M.
Shahi
Clinical Psychology Department, Psychology & Educational Sciences Faculty, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
Aims: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic anxiety disorder that characterized by behavioral and physiological changes. According to studies, cognitive behavioral therapy is one of the psychological treatments that have criteria of a good treatment. The aim of present research was to study the effectiveness of cognitive-behavior therapy on mental health of war soldiers with post-traumatic stress disorder under long-term pharmaceutical treatment.
Materials & Methods: In this quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest which was done in 2014, a sample of 20 war soldiers with post-traumatic stress disorder under pharmaceutical treatment were selected using available sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. After providing informed consent, subjects of both groups completed the General Health Questionnaire before any experimental intervention. Then 8 sessions of group cognitive-behavior psychotherapy administered on subjects of experimental group, whereas no intervention received by control group subjects. Both groups were asked again to fill the General Health Questionnaire afterward. Data were analyzed by MANCOVA statistical analysis.
Findings: significantly decreased scores were seen in subjects of experimental group compare with control group in 4 dimensions of mental health (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Cognitive-behavior therapy is an efficient clinical intervention for improvement of residual symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder veterans and may help improving their quality of life and mental health.
Veterans Medical Sciences & Engineering Research Center
Iranian Journal of War and Public Health
2008-2622
7
2
2015
3
1
Effect of Music-Therapy on Depression of Chronic PTSD Veterans
73
79
FA
L.
Esmaeili
Psychology Department, Educational Sciences & Psychology Faculty, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran
M.H.
Pourabaian Esfahani
Psychology Department, Industry & safety Faculty, Foulad Industrial University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
F.
Dabbashi
Psychology Department, Educational Sciences & Psychology Faculty, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran
Aims: The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of Music Therapy intervention on mental health of chronic Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (P.T.S.D) veterans.
Materials & Methods: This research was based on a semi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test and control group respectively. The population also included chronic Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (P.T.S.D) veterans Isfahan in 2013. In order to perform this study, 60 members of chronic Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (P.T.S.D) veterans who were available selected (each group consisting 30). The tool of this research was Beck's questionnaire of depression (Beck et. al, 1966) was used in two phases pre-test and post-test.
Results: The results were analyzed by ANCOVA showed that Music Therapy intervention had a significant effect on depression in chronic Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (P.T.S.D) veterans in post-test on experimental group (P≤0.05).
Conclusion: Based on these results, music therapy can use as an effective and low cost treatment for decreasing of depression on chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (P.T.S.D) veterans.
Veterans Medical Sciences & Engineering Research Center
Iranian Journal of War and Public Health
2008-2622
7
2
2015
3
1
Situation of Orthotics and Prosthetics Usage in Adolescent Victims of Landmines and Unexploded Ordnances
81
89
FA
M.
Masoumi
Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC), Tehran, Iran
M.
Kamyab
Orthotics & Prosthetics Department, Rehabilitation Sciences School, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
M.
Allami
Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC), Tehran, Iran
E.
Modirian
Emergency Department, Medical Faculty, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
A.
Yavari
Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC), Tehran, Iran
M.R.
Soroush
Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC), Tehran, Iran
Sh.
Khateri.
Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC), Tehran, Iran
A.
Mohsenzadegan
Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC), Tehran, Iran
Aims: Children are more vulnerable to the risks of the landmines and unexploded ordnances. Due to the smaller organs and less resistance to the accident and trauma, the physical injuries in the children are more severe than adults. The aim of this study was to investigate the problems of upper and lower limbs and used orthotics and prosthetics in Iranian adolescent survivors of landmines and unexploded ordnances.
Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all (78 persons) less than 18 years old adolescents of 5 border provinces of Iran (West Azerbaijan, Kermanshah, Khuzestan, Ilam, and Kurdistan) that injured by landmines and unexploded ammunitions were studied in a health monitoring camp in December 2009 and January 2010. Demographic data were collected by a self-designed demographic questionnaire. Clinical examinations were done by orthopedic specialist and technical orthopedics. The statistical data analysis was done using SPSS 22 software by χ2 test.
Findings: The mean age of samples was 16.11±11.99 years, the mean height was 165.00±10.47cm and the mean weight was 54.25±12.74kg. 41 adolescents (52.56%) had amputation. 38 victims (48.71%) required prosthetics, 18 (23.1%) required orthotics and 8 (10.25%) required other assistive mobility devices. 21 victims (26.92%) were using assistive mobility devices 15 of them (71.42%) had satisfaction lower than the average.
Conclusions: The low level of satisfaction indicates the need of more attention to the education, health programs and rehabilitation for raising victims awareness and knowledge in the using of assistive mobility devices.
Veterans Medical Sciences & Engineering Research Center
Iranian Journal of War and Public Health
2008-2622
7
2
2015
3
1
Effect of Group Exercise Program on Quality of Life in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder War Veterans
91
98
FA
Mandani B.
Hosseini S.A.
Pediatric Neuro Rehabilitation Research Center, University of Welfare Sciences & Rehabilitation, Tehran, Iran
Saadat Abadi M.
Special Education Department, Exceptional Children Research Center and Institute, Tehran, Iran
Farahbod M.
Special Education Department, Exceptional Children Research Center and Institute, Tehran, Iran
Introduction:War veterans have different physical and mental problems due to exposure to variety of traumatic events and stressors and these problems effect their quality of life. One of the nonmedical treatment that can improve their quality of life is exercise and physical activities. Aim of the present study was to determine the effect of group exercise program on quality of life in war veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Method & Materials: In this single blinded, controlled trial, quality of life of a convenience sample size of war veterans with PTSD (n=30) in a hospital in Ahwaz city was measured in 2 equal groups. Treatment protocol consisted of group exercise program occurred 45 minutes a day, 2 days a week for 12 weeks. Measures were conducted pre, post and 3 months after the treatment period by 36-item Short Form Health Survey.
Result: Data analysis was indicative of significant difference in experimental group compared to control group in mental scale of quality of life (P=0.031), physical scale of quality of life (P=0.01) and total score (P=0.012).
Conclusion: Group exercise program can improve quality of life in war veterans with PTSD.
Veterans Medical Sciences & Engineering Research Center
Iranian Journal of War and Public Health
2008-2622
7
2
2015
3
1
Role of Sexual Satisfaction, Spiritual Health, Psychological Distress and Self- Esteem in Marital Commitment of Veterans Wives
99
105
FA
E.
Showani
Counseling Department, Psychology & Educational Sciences Faculty, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
K.
Zahrakar
Counseling Department, Psychology & Educational Sciences Faculty, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
R.
Ghasemi Jobaneh
Counseling Department, Psychology & Educational Sciences Faculty, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
Sh.
Dargahi
Counseling Department, Psychology & Educational Sciences Faculty, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
Aims: Marital commitment is one of the effective factors in increasing the quality of life among married people. The aim of current research was to analyze the role of sexual satisfaction, spiritual health, psychological distress and self-esteem in marital commitment of women with veteran husbands.
Materials & Methods: In this correlative research, 120 women of Piranshahr City, Iran, who had veteran husbands were selected by available sampling method in summer 2014 and were responded to the marital commitment, sexual satisfaction, spiritual wellbeing, DASS-21 and self-esteem questionnaires. The gathered data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression in SPSS 18 software.
Findings: There was a negative and significant relationship between psychological distress and marital commitment (p<0.01). Also the relation between self-esteem, spiritual health, and sexual satisfaction with marital commitment were positive and significant (p<0.01). According to the stepwise regression analysis, the predictive variables could significantly predict 37% of variance of marital commitment.
Conclusion: Psychological distress, self-esteem, spiritual health and sexual satisfaction have an important role in marital commitment.
Veterans Medical Sciences & Engineering Research Center
Iranian Journal of War and Public Health
2008-2622
7
2
2015
3
1
Effectiveness of Metacognitive Therapy to Improve Verbal and Working Memories in PTSD Veterans
107
113
FA
S.
Ghorbani
Clinical Psychology Department, Human Sciences Faculty, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
H.
Kazemi Zahrani
Psychology Department, Human Sciences Faculty, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
Aims: Memory is one of the psychological processes that plays a major role in creating and sustaining post-traumatic stress disorder. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Metacognitive therapy on working memory and verbal memory in veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder patients.
Materials & Methods: This quasi-experimental research was conducted with pretest-posttest design in all post-traumatic stress disorder patients who were referred to the consultant centers of Esfahan and Najafabad cities, Iran, in spring and summer 2014. Among these, 30 patients were selected by available sampling and were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. All patients were assessed by demographic information questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Wechsler test of verbal memory WMS-II & N-back at pretest and posttest. The experimental group received 8 metacognitive therapy sessions. Subjects in each group were tested before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed by MANCOVA in SPSS 18 software.
Findings: At posttest, the experimental group showed a significant improvement in working memory and verbal memory (p<0.05). Also the experimental group did not show significant differences in the components of a simple verbal memory and second level of working memory.
Conclusion: Metacognitive therapy improves the working memory and verbal memory of post-traumatic stress disorder patients.
Veterans Medical Sciences & Engineering Research Center
Iranian Journal of War and Public Health
2008-2622
7
2
2015
3
1
Human Costs of Iraq's Chemical War against Iran; an Epidemiological Study
115
121
FA
Gh.
Taebi
Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC), Tehran, Iran
M.R.
Soroush
Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC), Tehran, Iran
E.
Modirian
Emergency Department, Medical Faculty, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
S.
Khateri
Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC), Tehran, Iran
B.
Mousavi
Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC), Tehran, Iran
Z.
Ganjparvar
Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC), Tehran, Iran
K.
Momtazmanesh
Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC), Tehran, Iran
M.R.
Sedighi Moghadam
Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC), Tehran, Iran
Aims: Up to now, different reports of the number of injured patients who were exposed chemical agents during Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988) were released. This study aimed to investigate epidemiology of Iranian chemical victims according to the data obtained from Veterans and Martyr Affair Foundation (VMAF).
Materials & Methods: The present descriptive study was carried out in March 2015. We extracted the data of the chemically injured veterans have been proved and coded by Medical Commission of VMAF included demographic information and chronic complications of lung, eye and skin lesions due to chemical exposure. SPSS 20 was used for statistical analysis.
Findings: Of 554990 veterans have been registered in VMAF, exposure to chemical warfare agents were confirmed in 63417 (11.4%) including 62149 (98%) males. The mean age at the time of the study was 51.11±5 years. Until study end, 4884 (7.7%) were died. Disability rate in 34340 (54.1%) of the chemical survivors were less than 25% and 3175 (5.0%) had 50% or more. The total number of chemical injuries registered in the data bank was 151770; 147685 mild (97.3%), 3318 moderate (2.2%) and 767 severe (0.5%). Lungs (39.1%; n=59373), eyes (30.8%; n=46782) and skin (30.1%; n=45615) were the most commonly affected organs in survivors of chemical warfare.
Conclusion: The number of detected Iranian chemical warfare victims has increased up to double over time comparing former studies due to developing late complications over time and improvement of screening system.