per
Veterans Medical Sciences & Engineering Research Center
Iranian Journal of War and Public Health
2008-2622
2008-2630
2009-02
1
2
1
8
article
Aassociation between physical activity and body mass index in the civilian chemical victims of Sardasht 20 years after sulfur mustard exposure
Z. Ghazanfari
1
T. Ghazanfari
tghazanfari@yahoo.com
2
R. Yaraee
3
R. Amini
4
S. Ghaderi
5
A. Pirasteh
6
S. Moaiedmohseni
7
M. Naghizadeh
8
S. Faghihzadeh
9
Background: Physical activity has two important therapeutic goals including providing health and prevention of secondary diseases for chemical victims. Identification of the effective factors on physical activity specifically factors decreasing physical activity and caring them by patients & care providers can effective in chemical victim’s health promotion. In this study, the self reported physical activity of chemical victims, 20 years after sulfur mustard exposure, and its potential association with BMI was investigated Patients and
Methods: In this research, that was a cross-sectional study, self-reported physical activity in 338 people of the chemical victims was studied. Sampling was in systematic model. Physical activity was measured using the global physical activity questionnaire (GPAQ) that evaluate work, recreational, transport and sitting activities with interview method. BMI studied in three groups include <25, 25-30, & >30 and the physical activity compared between them.
Results: 38.1 percent of study samples have BMI < 25, 46.5 percent have BMI 25-30 and 15.4 percent have BMI >30 kgm2. Metabolic equivalent in the obese group significantly decreased compared with other groups (p=0.04). A significant difference was found in terms of transport related physical activity min/week in BMI > 30 kg/m2, but there was no significant difference in work & recreational activities. In all section, physical activity decreased in obese peoples.
Conclusion: Considering the association between physical activity & body mass index and it’s important in chemical victim's health, discover solutions that in addition to weight control, promoting those physical activities.
http://ijwph.ir/article-1-16-en.pdf
physical activity
BMI
chemical victims
health promotion
per
Veterans Medical Sciences & Engineering Research Center
Iranian Journal of War and Public Health
2008-2622
2008-2630
2009-02
1
2
9
23
article
Evaluation of serum levels of nitric oxide in chemical victims of Sardsht 20 years after sulfure mustard exposure
T. Ghazanfari
tghazanfari@yahoo.com
1
R. Yaraee
2
Z. KiaSalari
3
F. Hedayati
4
H. Ghasemi
5
Sh. PourFarzam
6
M.R. Soroush
7
S. Faghihzadeh
8
Shahed University
Background: SM affects on multiple organs in the long term that causes different complications especially in eyes, skin and lung. It seems immune and inflammatory responses are involved in clinical manifestations. Nitric oxide (NO) is one of the important molecules in inflammation. The purpose of the study was to assess the serum levels of NO in chemical victims 20 years after exposure to SM in compare with unexposed group.
Materials and Methods: This research has been carried out as historical cohort on 500 participants including 372 participants exposed to SM from Sardasht and 128 participants from Rabat. All participants of two groups have been examined by ophthalmologist, dermatologist and internist and then divided to normal group and with eye, skin, and lung problems groups. At the same time a specimen of peripheral venous blood was collected to evaluate serum level of NO by Greiss reaction.
Results: Nine patients of control and 76 patients of exposed have had eye problems, 114 patients of control and 257 patients of exposed have had skin problems, 39 patients of control and 157 patients of exposed have had lung problems. This study showed that there was not any statistically significant difference between exposed and control groups in the average serum level of NO. There was not any relationship between serum level of NO and lung and eye problems and assessment showed that serum level of nitric oxide in exposed group without eye or lung problems was more than control group without eye or lung problems. In the assessment of skin problems there was a relationship between serum levels of NO and skin problems. The serum level of NO in the exposed group with skin problems was more than exposed group without skin problems.
Conclusion: it has been found that by increasing of serum level of NO, the severity of skin lesions in chemical victims has been increased. As noticed by several complications in the chemical victims, more evaluation for the role of nitric oxide and changing of its systemic and local level in presenting different complication should be done.
http://ijwph.ir/article-1-23-en.pdf
Sulfur mustard
Nitric oxide
Chemical victims
Long term complication.
per
Veterans Medical Sciences & Engineering Research Center
Iranian Journal of War and Public Health
2008-2622
2008-2630
2009-02
1
2
24
35
article
Quality of life in Blind War Survivors
R. Amini
amini@jmerc.ac.ir
1
H. Haghani
2
M. Masoumi
3
M. Nakhaee
4
Health related quality of life would be one of the most effective criteria to assess current situation of a population and also is absolutely useful for health service evaluation. War has a huge effect on health and decreases quality of life in according to many physical and mental disabilities and limitations that are occurred by war. One of the most important war injuries followed by visual impairments is ocular trauma which can deeply affect quality of life. Considering searches done before the study, no document and evidence of quality of life assessment in this group of war injured was found so that we had no base line score. First of all, achieving a base line score for QOL then planning some interventions to progress QOL of blind war survivors, we designed and did this study. This study was a cross sectional and used SF 36 as an instrument for assessing QOL of the population and also their spouse in a 14-days campus in 2007. Some demographic data gathered by asking questions and the questionnaire filled in by some trained inquiries. Participants at a mean age of 43.20±8.34 were 96.5% male and 3.5% female with mean QOL score of 59.20±22.80. High educated participants had a better QOL. The relation was significant (p=0.006). Ignoring blindness, QOL has a significant relation to number of injuries (p=0.000). Ageing would be great set of burdens in the future of blind war survivors’ life even they had better QOL than Lower Limb Amputees in physical component scale. Changing and improving QOL of their spouses could make a harbor effect on their QOL. Using assistive devices and education about how to use them can help to improve their abilities and progress QOL.
http://ijwph.ir/article-1-10-en.pdf
Veteran
blindness
Quality of life
SF36
per
Veterans Medical Sciences & Engineering Research Center
Iranian Journal of War and Public Health
2008-2622
2008-2630
2009-02
1
2
36
47
article
Health problems among chemical warfare survivors with ophthalmologic injuries
B. Mousavi
bmousavi@jmerc.ac.ir
1
Z. ganjparvar
zohreh_ganjparvar@jmail.com
2
M. Soroush
3
S. vadieh
4
Health issues on chemical exposure and chronic, multi-symptom health problems have been a concern for nearly two decades. In this study the health related problems in Iranian chemical warfare survivors with severe ophthalmologic complications were surveyed. Data were collected from 149 survivors using a questionnaire. About half of the cases 49.7% (n=75) had other war related injuries. The average time of hospitalization during the preceeding year of study was 1.5 (SD=1.7). The most health related problems reported by the survivors in order of importance were included: 1)Co morbidity 69.7% (n=104) 2) Drug 69.1% (n=103) and 3) rehabilitation problem s 54.3% (n=81) . The most common co morbity was related psychological problems, and lack of drug was considered the most important problem regarding the drug problems.
http://ijwph.ir/article-1-13-en.pdf
Veteran
Eye
Mustard gas
Health problems
iran
per
Veterans Medical Sciences & Engineering Research Center
Iranian Journal of War and Public Health
2008-2622
2008-2630
2009-02
1
2
48
57
article
Tactile detection of artery by finite element method with application in minimally invasive surgery
A. Abouei Mehrizi
abouei.ali@gmail.com
1
S. Najarian
najarian@aut.ac.ir
2
M. Moini
moinim@hotmail.com
3
P. Pahlavan
pe_pahlavan@yahoo.com
4
In this study, for the first time, tactile detection of an artery in tissue and distinguishing it from the tumor has been modeled by finite element method. In this modeling, three 2D models of tissue have been created: tissue, tissue including a tumor, and tissue including an artery. After solving three models with similar boundary conditions and loadings, first, the 2D tactile mappings and stress graphs for upper nodes of models, which have the role of transferring tactile data, have been explored. Comparing these results, if stress values of nodes are equal and constant, tissue is without tumor or artery. In addition, it was concluded that if stress graph includes a peak, the tissue has a tumor or an artery and that the stress graph of tissue including artery is time-dependent in comparison with the tissue including the tumor. Then, effect of variation of model's different parameters including tissue thickness, artery diameter and elastic module, and indentation of tactile finger on artery detection was studied.
http://ijwph.ir/article-1-19-en.pdf
soft tissue
tumor
artery
tactile detection
finite element method
per
Veterans Medical Sciences & Engineering Research Center
Iranian Journal of War and Public Health
2008-2622
2008-2630
2009-02
1
2
58
64
article
Design and fabrication of newOrthoses to Preventing ankle equines in U shape ilizarov fixators
M. Arazpoor
arazpoor@yahoo.com
1
M. Bahramizadeh
2
M. Mardani
3
M. Moosavi
4
Objective: The goal of this study was to design and manufacture a new type of foot orthosis that is used for preventing of equinus deformity of ankle complex in patient with ankle fracture or tibial lengthening by U shape Elizarov external fixator.
Material & Methods: In present discovery study after casting the patient’s foot in neutral position, during afew steps orthosis that can joined to the U shape Elizarov external fixator, has been designed and manufactured.
Results: According to the results of this study, in new orthosis, the ankle complex will be in neutral position by joining the U shape Elizarov external fixator to it. The patient with orthosis can walk and his or her Activity daily living improve.
Conclusion: For the first time a new type of foot orthosis, for preventing of equinus deformity of ankle complex in patient that have to used U shape Elizarov, has been designed and manufactured.
http://ijwph.ir/article-1-18-en.pdf
Elizarov
Tibial lengthening
Equinus
foot orthosis
per
Veterans Medical Sciences & Engineering Research Center
Iranian Journal of War and Public Health
2008-2622
2008-2630
2009-02
1
2
65
72
article
Participation and satisfaction after spinal cord injury: results of a vocational, marriage and leisure outcome study in Iranian victim females after spinal cord injury
S. Karbalaei Esmaeili
simaesmaeili@yahoo.com
1
E. Modirian
2
B. Mousavi
3
M. Javadi Parvaneh
4
Objective(s): As a result of Iraq-Iran war, thirty-five female live through spinal cord injury (SCI) in IRAN. The purpose of this study was Insight in (1) the changes in participation in vocational and leisure activities (2) life satisfaction following spinal cord injuries and (3) the effect of their disability on marital status (SCI) after reintegration in society.
Methods: In this cross sectional study all subjects were invited for the interview and twenty-one subjects participated. Information about their level of sport-recreation activity, employment and marriage along with other demographic data were recorded using a questionnaire.
Results: They were aged between 17 to 62 year old (mean: 41.95) at the time of survey and average time passed after injury was 21.4 years (range: 7-30 years). 57.7% of subjects were single and 28.6% were married. 19% were injured at upper cervical spines and were quadriplegic. Paraplegia and paraparesia accounted for the rest (no=17). At the time of survey just 2 persons were employed. Among 21 subjects, 23.8% (no=7) participated in sport activities, recreation participation in 52/4% (no=11) was less than 2 hours/week and just4.8% (no=1) recreated more than 6 hours/week. 52.4% believed that their families are satisfied of their role and 66.7% reported good or very good family supports for their activities. 42.8% of the veterans expressed that SCI had few effects on their social relations while 33.3% believed that it deeply affects their interaction with community.
Conclusion: considering that Levels of physical activities, employment and marriage rate decreased after injury, evaluation of their quality of life and physical health state to making effective policies and promote their social and physical situation is recommended.
http://ijwph.ir/article-1-14-en.pdf
Spinal Cord Injury
Quality of Life
Quadriplegia
Paraplegia
per
Veterans Medical Sciences & Engineering Research Center
Iranian Journal of War and Public Health
2008-2622
2008-2630
2009-02
1
2
73
81
article
Pattern of activity of daily living in war related lower extremities amputation: A result of a National Project from Iran
Rezai N.
nooshinrezai@yahoo.com
1
Mousavi B.
bmousavi@jmerc.ac.ir
2
Masoumi M.
masoumi48@yahoo.com
3
Soroush M.
mrsoroush@jmerc.ac.ir
4
baghbani M.
aranimohammad@yahoo.com
5
Abstract: The objective of this study was to determine ADL (Activity of daily living) in survivors of the Iran-Iraq war with bilateral lower limb amputation. The cross-sectional survey 335 amputees participated in the study (response rate = 58 %) and ADL (KATZ) questionnaire were used. The average age of the patients was 42.05 (SD = 6.33). The majority of the cases 97.6 % (n = 327) were married. The most common type of amputation was both below-knee 37.6 % (n = 126). Two hundred and six subjects (61.5 %) were prosthetic ambulates. Shell and landmine were the most common cause of amputation. The most dependency in ADL was related to transport 26.4% (n=90) which was followed by taking shower 19.6% (n= 67). The results of this study suggest a rehabilitation programs to improve the independency in amputees.
http://ijwph.ir/article-1-9-en.pdf
Bilateral lower limb amputation
ADL
Iran-Iraq war
per
Veterans Medical Sciences & Engineering Research Center
Iranian Journal of War and Public Health
2008-2622
2008-2630
2009-02
1
2
82
90
article
Evaluation of the prevalence of musculoskeletal dysfunctions in blind veterans in Iran
V. nejati
nejati@uswr.ac.ir
1
R. Amini
2
M. Soroush
3
M. masoumi
4
A. Asadi
5
Introduction: The blindness makes specific kind of locomotion with characteristic bending of body, stepping gate and short steps. These changes in blind locomotion originate stress on musculo skeletal tissue and different musculo skeletal dysfunctions. Aim: The aim of these study is determining the epidemiology of musculo skeletal pain in blind veterans. Material and methods: in this cross sectional study we have collected data by questionnaire and have examined from all of 385 blind veteran who have participated in therapeutic and sportive camp of Iranian blinds veterans. (Mashhad, Iran 2005) Result: this study show high prevalence of musculo skeletal pain in blind veterans. Other finding of our study was high prevalence of postural deformities in blind veterans. Conclusion: according to the result, the prevalence of musculo skeletal pain in blinds veteran is more than normal population and they should be educated and treated for prevention, care and treatment of musculo skeletal pain.
http://ijwph.ir/article-1-17-en.pdf
blind veterans
Iran
musculo skeletal pain