en سلامت جانبازان يا معلولان Veterans or Handicapped Health پژوهشی اصيل Original Research <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">Aims</span></span></b><br> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">Home nursing services support long-term care for people with chronic disabilities, but their use depends on demographic, social, and geographic factors as well as clinical need. This study assessed the geographical distribution of home nursing utilization and costs, and their determinants, among Iranian chemical warfare veterans.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">Methods</span></span></b><br> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">In this cross-sectional study, we used a census of DAY Health Insurance Organization records (2019-2020) for all chemical warfare veterans with complete data. Home nursing visit frequency was modeled with zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) regression and costs with multiple linear regression, adjusting for age, gender, disability percentage, household size, and province of residence (Tehran as reference).</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">Findings</span></span></b><br> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">Veterans received a mean of 0.41 home nursing visits per year, at a mean annual cost of 870,661 IRR (about USD 6.69). Utilization and costs varied markedly by province, with the highest visit rates in Zanjan, Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari, and East Azerbaijan, and the lowest in Sistan & Baluchestan, Kermanshah, and Mazandaran. Higher disability percentage was associated with greater utilization and higher costs. Older veterans were less likely to receive no services at all, larger households used fewer services among users, and male veterans were more likely than female veterans to receive no home nursing services.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">Conclusion</span></span></span></b><br> <span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span cambria="" style="font-family:">Home nursing service utilization among Iranian chemical warfare veterans is low overall and marked by substantial regional inequality, driven mainly by disability severity, household structure, and province of residence. Targeted, regionally tailored policies are needed to improve equitable access to home nursing care for this vulnerable population.</span></span></span> ,Home Nursing Services,Veterans,Health Services Accessibility,Health Equity,Iran 1001 1013 http://ijwph.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2466-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Naeim Shokri naeimshokri@gmail.com 15300319475328460029485 15300319475328460029485 No Mohammad Amiri Ara mailer.amiri@gmail.com 15300319475328460029486 15300319475328460029486 No Parisa mehdizadeh p.mahdizade@gmail.com 15300319475328460029487 15300319475328460029487 No Maryam Yaghoubi maryamyaghoubi2023@gmail.com 15300319475328460029488 15300319475328460029488 Yes