other سلامت جانبازان يا معلولان Veterans or Handicapped Health پژوهشی اصيل Original Research <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Cambria&quot;,serif"><span style="color:#f79646">Aims: </span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Cambria&quot;,serif">Tannic acid is a natural polyphenolic compound with antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. This study investigated the anti-apoptotic effect of tannic acid on the testicular tissue of mice exposed to mobile phone radiofrequency waves. </span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Cambria&quot;,serif"><span style="color:#f79646">Materials & Methods:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Cambria&quot;,serif">In this experimental study, 30 adult male Balb/c mice were randomly divided into five groups: Control (no treatment), tannic acid (20mg/kg intraperitoneally every other day, 3 days per week), sham (physiological saline instead of tannic acid; conditions similar to the tannic acid group), electromagnetic field (mice exposed to 900MHz electromagnetic waves for 8 hours daily (from 9:30 AM to 5:30 PM)), electromagnetic field+tannic acid (mice exposed to electromagnetic waves as in the previous group and also receiving tannic acid at 20mg/kg every other day, 3 days per week). After 35 days of treatment, the animals were sacrificed, and the left testes were stored at -70&deg;C for real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of apoptosis-related genes (<i>Apaf-1</i>, <i>Bad</i>, and <i>Foxo3a</i>).</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Cambria&quot;,serif"><span style="color:#f79646">Findings: </span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Cambria&quot;,serif">In the EMF group, a significant increase in the expression of <i>Foxo3a</i>, <i>Bad</i>, and <i>Apaf-1</i> was observed compared with the sham group, indicating the destructive effect of electromagnetic waves on testicular tissue. A significant decrease in the expression of these genes was observed in the electromagnetic field+tannic acid group compared with the electromagnetic waves group. </span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Cambria&quot;,serif"><span style="color:#f79646">Conclusion: </span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:&quot;Cambria&quot;,serif">Tannic acid reduces apoptosis in the testes of mice exposed to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, and exposure to 900MHz radiofrequency waves intensifies apoptosis in testicular tissue.</span></span></span></span></span> Tannic Acid, Electromagnetic Field, Apoptosis, Testis 383 389 http://ijwph.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2390-1&slc_lang=other&sid=1 H.T. Al-Rikabi 15300319475328460028688 15300319475328460028688 No Iraqi Ministry of Education, General Directorate of Education in Karbala Governorate, Karbala, Iraq M. Haji Ghasem Kashani 15300319475328460028689 15300319475328460028689 No Department of Cellular-Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran E. Abiri 15300319475328460028690 15300319475328460028690 Yes Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Al-Zahraa University for Women, Karbala, Iraq F. Molaei Fard 15300319475328460028691 15300319475328460028691 No Department of Cellular-Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran D. Altememy 15300319475328460028692 15300319475328460028692 No Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Al-Zahraa University for Women, Karbala, Iraq